Disease introduction: VC is an important cause of male infertility, and its mechanism is mainly related to VC-induced testicular spermatogenesis dysfunction.

　　Experimental animals: SD rats (6-8 weeks)

　　Experimental method: 1. Turner method to make a varicocele model. The retroperitoneal membrane is bluntly separated, the inferior spermatic vein is exposed, where the renal vein joins the inferior vena cava, a probe is placed in the same direction as the renal vein, and the renal vein and probe are ligated together. Slowly withdraw the probe and see that the distal end of the renal vein is dilated due to increased pressure. Then find the communicating branch of the common iliac vein along the lower end of the spermatic vein and ligate the communicating branch. 2. Pathological HE staining judgment model.