动物造模,癌症起源 中国实验动物信息网 2021-04-12 423

　　The name of cancer is a collective term for a series of different malignant tissues. The general theory is that the growth of malignant tissue derived from a single cell or a small number of cells is uncontrolled and eventually forms a tumor. If left untreated, malignant tumors can be very harmful to the human body and eventually lead to death. Cancer research has been going on for many years. Some cancers are targeted for treatment at an early stage. However, due to the lack of corresponding model systems and different cancer origins, people know little about the mechanism of cancer origin. .. Clear. A collaborative research team from Sun Yat-sen University in China, the University of Salford and the University of California believes that single-celled parasites (Trypanosomabrucei and Toxoplasmagondii) have some similarities with cancer cells. It is used as a model organism to study the origin of cancer. It is generally believed that the origin of cancer is due to the growth of malignant tumors and the accumulation of mutations. The latest theory is that selective pressure in the tissues where cancer cells exist will also affect the development of cancer. And some cancers seem to be contagious. For example, the endangered Tasmanian devil can bite another person, and the "Facial Tumor of the Tasmanian Devil" can spread from one person to another. As early as 1996, a female Tasmanian passed the tumor to another person. Since then, the tumor has developed into two subtypes, spreading throughout the entire population and killing the entire population. Recent studies have also shown that certain leukemias can be spread from mother to fetus, and therefore are another example of cancer that can be spread. These examples of infectious cancers have some similarities with parasitic infections.

　　There are more and more studies on the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei. Studies have shown that these single-celled organisms can also exchange information between individual cells. In addition, the cell division of these organisms is strictly controlled, while many single-celled parasites in the same host maintain a high degree of cooperation. From the human host to the insect host, this process requires full cooperation between individuals. If something goes wrong, the host can kill these parasites. This collaboration is similar to exchanging information between cancer cells. When these single-celled parasites are used as model organisms to study the origin of cancer cells, they have many advantages. First, these unicellular organisms behave similarly, such as cell division and differentiation of multicellular organisms. These parasites have been studied for decades and many data have been accumulated. At the same time, the genetic manipulation of these parasites is so mature and common that it may become a good model for genetic mutation research. For potentially infectious cancers, single-celled protozoa (Trypanosoma brucei and Toxoplasmagondii) behave somewhat similarly. However, solid tumors have some difficulties.

　　Cancer research will never stop. You should not be satisfied with the current progress, let alone your understanding of cancer. Trying to study cancer deserves encouragement. After all, cancer is one of the main threats to human health. It is worth noting that single-cell organisms with better functions must be used as model organisms for cancer origin research, which undoubtedly provides a better platform for cancer research and makes more effective use of research resources. Cancer research still has a long way to go, and victory can only be achieved by overcoming everything.