动物造模,慢性支气管炎,药效评价 zi-bio 2024-05-16 568

　　1. Animal modeling materials: Male SD rats, 12 weeks old, weighing 190-250g; Medications: pentobarbital, lipopolysaccharide (LPS); Instruments: Syringes, venous cannulas.

　　2. Method of modeling: Anesthesia was administered by intraperitoneal injection of 1% pentobarbital (50mg/kg), fixed in a supine position on the operating table, exposing the glottis, using a venous cannula instead of a tracheal cannula, removing the needle core, and quickly inserting it into the trachea. LPS 200 was used μ Inject g into the trachea and raise for 3 weeks. The control group received no intervention and was raised for 3 weeks.

　　3. Principle of modeling: Lipopolysaccharides cause chronic bronchitis in animals.

　　4. Changes after modeling: The animals in the modeling group experienced fatigue, loss of hair luster, decreased food and water intake, and significantly slower weight gain compared to the control group [on the 21st day, they were (18 ± 7) g and (66 ± 19) g, respectively].

　　To the naked eye, the lung tissue appears grayish white, swollen, with no bleeding or fluid exudation on the surface. Under the light microscope, partial detachment of ciliated columnar epithelial cells was observed in the trachea and bronchi. Mucous glands were enlarged and secreted vigorously. Serous glands underwent liquefaction, goblet cell proliferation, infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes, and a small amount of neutrophils in the mucosal layer, submucosal layer, and muscle layer. Smooth muscle cells in the bronchi were thickened, and the lumen and ciliated ducts were filled with a large number of neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, mucus, and alveolar dilation. There was no protein edema or bleeding in the interstitial and alveolar spaces of the lungs. Under electron microscopy, degeneration of tracheal mucosal epithelial cells, swelling of mitochondria, expansion of endoplasmic reticulum into sacs, reduction, shedding, shortening or fusion of cilia into composite cilia, formation of blisters on the surface of cilia, and degeneration, concentration, and absorption of some peripheral microtubules were observed. The cytoplasm of goblet cells was filled with mucus particles, and the junction gap of tracheal epithelial cells was widened. Infiltrated lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes, and a small amount of neutrophils were seen in the submucosa. The number of tracheal cilia in the model group decreased, significantly shortened, and thickened compared to the control group, while the number of swollen cilia significantly increased. The total number of white blood cells and neutrophils in the BALF model group significantly increased compared to the control group, while the proportion of alveolar macrophages significantly decreased.