动物造模,药效评价,自发性肿瘤 z-bio 2024-07-26 461

　　The occurrence conditions of spontaneous tumors in animals are relatively natural, reproducing the entire process of tumor occurrence and development. It is possible to discover previously undiscovered carcinogenic factors through careful observation and statistical analysis, and to focus on the role of genetic factors in tumor occurrence. On the other hand, many animal tumors have similarities with human tumors in terms of tissue development, clinical processes, and tissue morphology. Compared with other experimental tumor models, using a spontaneous tumor model for tumor research is more conducive to extending animal experimental results to humans.

　　Another important significance of spontaneous tumors is their role as a source of transplantable tumors. Lewis lung cancer is a widely used transplantable tumor in the world. It was discovered by Lewis in 1951 in an untreated C57BL mouse. The cell type is poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and the tumor formation rate and lung metastasis rate of subcutaneous transplantation can be close to 100%. In addition to Lewis lung cancer, there is also spontaneous Ehrlich ascites tumor originating from the mammary gland of female mice (which can be passaged and preserved in different mouse strains, such as C57BL mice, BALB/c mice, KM mice, and AKR mice). Others, such as breast cancer spontaneously produced by C3H mice, leukemia spontaneously produced by AKR mice, and liver cancer spontaneously produced by C3H/He mice, have been used to establish transplanted tumor models.

　　At present, various spontaneous tumor animal models have been cultivated, and experiments on tumor pathogenesis and mechanisms have been ideal. However, the spontaneous tumor model also has its inevitable drawbacks. In general, the occurrence of tumors varies greatly, making it difficult to obtain a large amount of oncology materials with similar disease progression in a short period of time. The tumor growth rate is slow, the experimental period is relatively long, and the experimental cost is high. Therefore, spontaneous tumor animal models are rarely used for pharmacological research.

　　Spontaneous tumors are tumors that occur under natural conditions. The more contact and careful observation one has with a certain animal, the more opportunities they have to discover spontaneous tumors in that animal, and the more comprehensive their understanding. Since more mice and rats are used in medical research, there is more understanding of the types and incidence rate of spontaneous tumors in mice and rats. However, with the development of science, researchers have also accumulated a large number of data related to spontaneous tumors in other animals.