动物造模,药效评价,肝郁证 z-bio 2024-07-31 390

　　Psychological stress is the process in which the body perceives the threat of stressors through recognition and evaluation when stimulated by various internal and external environmental factors, leading to changes in psychological and physiological functions. In traditional Chinese medicine, the liver is responsible for regulating ejaculation and promoting sexual desire. The state of psychological stress mostly belongs to the category of "liver depression syndrome" in traditional Chinese medicine, including liver depression qi stagnation and liver depression turning into fire.

　　The commonly used stressors in animal models of psychological stress that have been developed include restraint and immobilization, conditioned reflex electric foot, social deprivation (such as isolated feeding), maternal behavioral stress (pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, etc.), pain, psychosocial stress (crowding, deprivation of control), conditioned fear, thermal stimulation, cold water swimming, sleep deprivation, tail clipping, etc.

　　[Modeling Method] Experimental animal: Wistar male rats.

　　Model 1- Neck Shackle Single Cage Feeding Method: Self made neck shackles were placed on the necks of Wistar rats for 7-10 days. The mold affected the rats' daytime activities such as grooming and scratching, causing emotional changes in the rats.

　　Model 2- Tail Clamping Irritation Fighting Method: The method of tail clamping stimulation triggering rat fighting was used to create a model. Male Wistar rats weighing 300-400g were used, and 3-7 rats were placed in the same cage. One of the rats' tails was clamped with a hemostatic forceps wrapped in gauze at the tip, causing it to fight with the other rats and further provoke the entire cage of rats. The stimulation lasted for 30 minutes each time, with one stimulation every 3 hours and four stimulations per day.

　　Model 3- Binding Method: The rats were bound with thin bandages on their limbs and placed in a feeding cage to make it difficult for them to walk and restrict their movement. Then, the rats' status was observed and recorded regularly, and an equal amount of physiological saline was administered orally twice a day for 7 consecutive days. The observation indicators are all observations of general biological states.

　　[Model Characteristics] Model 1: During the initial stage of modeling, rats showed restlessness, scratching and biting molds, colliding with cages, and being easily provoked, but without extreme reactions such as standing upright and screaming. After 7-10 days, the modeling rats had delayed reactions and behaviors, gradually reduced activity, decreased mental energy, yellowing fur, narrowed eyes, and even red eyes. There was less dry feces, less fatigue and less food intake, dark purple claws, brownish red tails, and symptoms such as scales, curling, and drowsiness. It is basically consistent with the clinical manifestations of liver depression syndrome.

　　Model 2: After 2 days, the intense tearing between rats weakened, and their water and food intake decreased significantly. They even lost their appetite and were in a drowsy state, with darkened and yellowed hair and weight loss.

　　Model 3: The activity of the model rats significantly decreased, with squeaking, drooping whiskers, dull eyes, dark red eyes, reduced diet, avoidance response to stimulation, and changes in emotions and behavior.

【 Model Evaluation and Application 】 The liver likes to have diarrhea but dislikes depression. Any factors that affect the smooth flow of liver qi can be considered as psychological stressors. Under a certain amount of stimulation, it can lead to liver dysfunction and depression symptoms. Under stress, the liver regulates blood flow through smooth muscle contractions to ensure the perfusion of essential organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. Although the concept of the liver is not completely the same in Chinese and Western medicine, there are many similarities in participating in psychological stress responses. Yue Guangxin and others believe that psychological stress reactions involve the five organs, but the heart, liver, and kidneys are the most important. The liver is responsible for the decision-making instructions transmitted by the heart, causing smooth muscle contraction and blood redistribution. At the same time, it also affects the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal cortex axis, leading to an increase in the secretion of corticotropin, which is the core of psychological stress reactions. The kidneys mainly complete the adaptive response of psychological stress through corticotropin, and affect the sensitivity of the heart and liver to its regulation. This suggests the material basis for the involvement of the five organs in stress reactions in traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, this animal model can be used for research on etiology, pathogenesis, and the five organs.