动物造模,效评价,肾外包扎性高血压 z-bio 2024-08-21 407

　　Also known as extrarenal compression hypertension model, it can be divided into two kidney one bundle type (one kidney bundle, bilateral kidney preservation), one kidney one bundle type (one kidney bundle, contralateral kidney resection), and two kidney two bundle type (bilateral kidney bundle, bilateral kidney preservation).

　　(1) The replication method is commonly used in dogs or rats. After routine anesthesia and fixation, the abdominal cavity is opened, the exposed kidney is separated, wrapped in glass paper, and placed back in the abdominal cavity. The dressing should be tight enough but not able to puncture the tissue. The contralateral kidney should be preserved, removed, or bandaged according to the experimental requirements. Generally, animals with systolic blood pressure greater than 160mmHg (21.3kPa) after 6 weeks are considered hypertensive animals. Animal surgery generally uses a dorsal spinal incision, but there are also reports advocating the use of a midline abdominal incision. The specific method is as follows:

　　Using rats weighing 120-150g, fix them in a prone position after anesthesia, place a sandbag under the abdomen, cut off the hair of the surgical field, disinfect the skin, and cut the skin along the midline of the spine from the 10th thoracic vertebra to the 3rd lumbar vertebra. Use small vessel forceps to separate the muscle at 1.5-2cm below the left rib and 1cm from the spine. Use two fingers to squeeze the kidney out of the incision from the lower abdomen, carefully peel off the kidney from the surrounding tissue, and wrap the kidney with disinfectant glass paper (disinfect the glass paper in ethanol for 2-3 days and nights). Cut a small hole in the center of the glass paper in advance so that the renal arteries, veins, and ureters can pass through. Cut one side of the glass paper from the center to the edge, and cover the kidney with the glass paper through this edge. Sew the edge of the paper in a cushion style. Alternatively, the self-made double-layer latex film can be cut into an "X" shape, wrapped around the kidney door and crossed over the kidney, and then cut open on the opposite side to remove the right kidney. After separation and resection, the surgical incision can be sutured layer by layer. After surgery, 1% sodium chloride solution can be added as a promoting factor. After 20 days post surgery, more than 70% of rats developed persistent hypertension. The systolic blood pressure can generally increase by more than 50%. The surgical methods for dogs are basically the same.

　　(2) The characteristics of the model are that besides using glass paper or latex film, materials such as silk cloth, latex, and cotton glue can also be used for kidney bandaging. External foreign body bandaging can cause perirenal inflammation, forming a fibrous sheath outside the kidneys, compressing the renal parenchyma, causing ischemia of renal tissue, increasing renin formation, and subsequently increasing the content of angiotensin in the blood, leading to an increase in blood pressure.

　　(3) This model is a commonly used hypertension model in comparative medicine, which has many similarities in pathophysiology with human hypertension. The surgical operation is relatively simple, hypertension is stable, and the response to antihypertensive drugs is consistent with that of hypertensive patients. It is suitable for screening antihypertensive drugs and evaluating their efficacy.