动物造模,药效评价,糖尿病性白内障 z-bio 2024-09-23 375

　　Fuhashi et al. selected 36 Charles River rats and injected streptozotocin (100mg/kg) intraperitoneally to make diabetes animal models. Results Within 3 weeks after the formation of diabetes in rats, small vacuoles appeared at the equator of the lens, and then diffuse but uneven turbidity appeared under the anterior capsule. With the progress of cataract, obvious cortical fiber breaks, causing obvious turbidity; After 6~9 weeks of the formation of diabetes in rats, the lens nucleus appeared obvious turbidity. Kubo et al. used SD rats and created a cataract model by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (80mg/kg). Kyselova et al. selected Wistar rats, 8~9 weeks old, 200~230g in weight. After intravenous injection of streptozotocin (55mg/kg), blood glucose>15mmol/L was considered as diabetes and included in the study. After 10 weeks, obvious cataracts appeared. About 50% of the animals developed mature cataracts at the 17th week, and 95% of the eyes were turbid at the 22nd week. Suryanarayana et al. selected 3-month-old WNIN rats weighing 228 ± 13g and injected streptomycin (35mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Blood glucose was measured 72 hours later, and rats with blood glucose levels below 8.0mmol/L were excluded. Four weeks later, they were observed using a slit lamp microscope. As a result, Phase 1 accounts for 30%, Phase 2 accounts for 60%, and Phase 3 accounts for 10%. After 5 weeks, all lenses appeared cloudy, and after 8 weeks, 65% of the lenses developed mature cataracts. Kametaka et al. selected male Wistar rats, weighing 160-170g, and injected streptozotocin (65mg/kg) intraperitoneally. After injection, blood glucose concentration>19mmol/L was considered as diabetes, and 5% D-glucose was added to the drinking water of these rats. Results Two weeks after the formation of diabetes, 50% (9/18)~57% (8/14) of the lens had cataract formation. The formation of cataract was related to the duration of diabetes. After nine weeks of diabetes, 78% (14/18)~93% (13/14) of the lens developed into mature cataract. Zhu Baoyi et al. divided 70 male SD rats weighing 90-160g into four groups: A, B, C, and D, with Group A serving as the control. Group B rats were given a one-time intraperitoneal injection of 1% streptozotocin citrate solution (65mg/kg). After 72 hours, take the tail blood of the mouse to measure blood glucose. Six rats with blood glucose levels below 14mmol/l were excluded. 14 rats with blood glucose levels greater than 14mmol/L were included in the experiment. Group C was fed high-fat diet to rats, with a total calorie intake of 18.71 kJ/g. After feeding for one month, collect tail blood from mice to measure blood sugar. Twelve rats with blood glucose levels below 14mmol/l were excluded. Eight rats with blood glucose levels greater than 14mmol/L were included in the experiment. Group D was fed high-fat diet to rats, and after one month of feeding, they were intraperitoneally injected with 1% streptozotocin citrate solution (25mg/kg body weight). After 72 hours, take the tail blood of the mouse to measure blood glucose.Three rats with blood glucose levels below 14mmol/l were excluded. 17 rats with blood glucose levels greater than 14mmol/L were included in the experiment. Observe rats using a BQ900 slit lamp with a slit width of 0.2mm, a light strip incidence angle of 350, and a magnification of 30 times. Take photos with the built-in digital camera of the slit lamp. Grade based on the opacity of the crystalline lens every week. Grade and record the degree of lens opacity during the experiment. The grading criteria are as follows, with 0 indicating transparency; 1 is the primary nucleus and there is a slight gap in the crystalline lens; 2 is a secondary nucleus; 3 is a third level nucleus; 4 is the third level nucleus and the lens has cracks; 5 is the fourth level nucleus and the lens has cracks; 6 is a fourth grade nucleus and the lens shows radial opacities; 7 indicates complete opacity of the crystalline lens, with no visible radial opacities. During the experiment, the lenses of rats in group A remained transparent, while rats in group B began to show lens opacity at week 5 after injection of streptozotocin, with a significant increase in opacity at week 12 and a milky white opacity at week 14. Group C rats showed lens opacity starting from the 8th week after injection of streptozotocin, with a significant increase in opacity by the 16th week and a milky white opacity by the 20th week. The D group of rats began to show lens opacity at the 6th week after injection of streptozotocin, and the degree of opacity significantly worsened at the 14th week. By the 20th week, milky white opacity appeared. Compared with groups B and C, the development of lens opacity was slower, which is conducive to observation and research. They found that the animals induced by streptozotocin had high mortality and rapid progress of cataract, which was not conducive to the study of diabetes cataract. Special diet feeding is another mature method to induce diabetes, which has the characteristics of low mortality. However, the animals fed with special diet have a long time of film formation and rapid progress of cataract. If applied to the study of diabetes cataract, it will lead to time-consuming, labor-intensive and meaningless results. They combined the two methods to use a small dose of streptozotocin plus special diet to induce the animal model of diabetes cataract. They found that the animals induced by this method had the characteristics of early modeling, low mortality, and slow cataract progress. They also found that its progress was similar to the development process of human diabetes cataract, that is, mild cortical opacity appeared first, and then vacuoles appeared around. With the increase of the course of disease, cortical opacity and nuclear opacity gradually appeared, until it developed into mature cataract. They concluded that the rat model of diabetes cataract induced by low-dose streptozotocin and special diet feeding was stable, the onset was slow, and the observation time was longer, which was closer to the characteristics of human diabetes cataract, and it was an ideal animal model for studying the pathogenesis of diabetes cataract and drug prevention and treatment.