动物造模,充血性心力衰竭模型 z-bio 2023-10-16 765

　　1. Animal modeling materials: Healthy elderly Northwest hybrid dog, male, with an average age of (8.6 ± 0.7) years and an average weight of (18.6 ± 2.5) kg; Medications: pentobarbital, heparin, penicillin, formaldehyde (40g/L), 76% acetic acid, 10% potassium chloride injection, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, etc; Instrument: V00 pacemaker (frequency 240 times/min, output voltage 5.0V, pulse width 0.5ms).

　　2. Modeling method: Observe and record the general condition of the dog, and then use 3% pentobarbital 30mg/kg intraperitoneal anesthesia. After successful anesthesia, prepare skin in the precordial and bilateral inguinal areas and place them on a catheter bed. Perform tracheal intubation, fix limbs, and monitor electrocardiogram. Ultrasonic measurement of LVDD; Innocor measures cardiac output (CO) and records heart rate (HR); Femoral vein puncture was performed, 2ml of venous blood was extracted, EDTA anticoagulation was performed, and the concentration of endothelin-1 (ET-1) was detected by radioimmunoassay. A sheath tube was inserted and connected to the Swam Ganz catheter for electrophysiological studies (EPS) workstation to measure and record right atrial pressure (RA P) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP); The femoral artery was punctured and inserted into the right coronary angiography catheter JR3.5, and the pigtail angiography catheter was used to measure the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP) within the aorta, respectively. Then, percutaneous puncture of the right external jugular vein was performed, and an endocardial pacing electrode was inserted and fixed at the apex of the right ventricle (aVL showed R-wave during pacing). The pacemaker was buried subcutaneously in the back of the neck through a subcutaneous tunnel. After good pacing, 1.0g of long-acting penicillin was injected intramuscularly and sent to the dog's room, where it was fed with water as usual. The control dog was not pacing after implantation of a pacemaker. Observe the general condition of the dog and its intake of water and food every day, paying special attention to the presence of limb edema, respiratory distress, and decreased appetite. Measure the above indicators on the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th days after pacing to determine whether heart failure has occurred.

　　3. Modeling principle: Rapid right ventricular pacing causes heart failure in animals.

　　4. Changes after modeling: Before pacing, all dogs had more activity, frequent tail shaking, erect hair, no leftover food, barking in person, and no edema in limbs; After 4 days of pacing, the activity of shaking the tail decreases, the hair stands upright, there is still leftover food, barking when seeing people, and there is no edema in the limbs; After 6 days of pacing, there was a significant decrease in tail shaking, hair lodging, about 1/2 of food residue, no barking in person, and no swelling in the limbs; After 8 days of pacing, the prone dog had no movement in the atrium, collapsed hair, about 2/3 of the remaining food, no irritation or barking, and no edema in the limbs; However, the pacing situation in the control group remained the same after 4, 6, and 8 days of pacing.