动物造模,心肌梗死模型 z-bio 2023-10-31 1706

　　1. Animal modeling materials: Young pigs, 30-35kg, male and female unlimited; Medications: ketamine, pentobarbital, atropine, lidocaine, penicillin, amikacin sulfate.

　　2. Modeling method: Pigs are fasted for 8 hours. Intramuscular injection of 10mg/kg ketamine induces anesthesia. After cleaning the pig, fix the limbs on a special wooden board, and remove hair from the chest and limbs. ECG monitoring adopts leads I, V1, and V3. Use a trocar to establish a venous pathway at the great vein behind the pig's ear, and slowly inject 5ml of 3% pentobarbital intravenously. 0.5mg atropine was administered with oxygen at a flow rate of 3L/min. Maintain anesthesia during surgery, and add 2ml of pentobarbital every 1 hour or administer according to limb movements.

　　Routine disinfection and tissue laying, taking the right inguinal area of the pig, local anesthesia with 1% lidocaine, incision of the skin, blunt separation and exposure of the right femoral artery. Thread and ligate the distal end, carefully puncture the artery with the puncture needle. Quickly feed the guide wire through the puncture needle, and then feed the 6F arterial sheath along the guide wire. Then, inject 8000U of heparin intravenously in a bullet like manner, and add 2000U every 1 hour during the surgery. Insert a 5F pigtail catheter through an arterial sheath into the left ventricle for left ventricular angiography. Left coronary angiography was performed using a 5F left coronary angiography catheter, followed by placing a 6F left coronary artery digital catheter at the opening of the left main artery. A 0.014-inch percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) wire was inserted through this catheter to the distal end of the left anterior descending branch (LAD). Insert a 2.0mm or 2.5mm balloon through a guide wire (selected based on the diameter of the LAD), and open the balloon at a pressure of 405.3-607.95kPa. After each balloon is filled for 30s, release it to restore blood flow. Repeat the filling of the balloon every 5 minutes, and pre adapt for a total of 5 times. Observe the arterial pressure, changes in electrocardiogram ST-T, and the presence of arrhythmias during the balloon occlusion process. If frequent ventricular premature beats occur In cases such as short-term ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, it may be considered to extend the pre adaptation time. If there are no abnormalities, open the balloon to block LAD with a pressure of 405.3~607.95kPa. The imaging shows that the distal blood flow of the balloon is interrupted, and after 120 minutes, carefully remove the balloon. Observe the blood supply again through angiography until the blood vessels are completely occluded before exiting the sheath and ligating the blood vessels to stop bleeding. Continuous intraoperative electrocardiogram monitoring and oxygen inhalation, postoperative intravenous injection of 2.4 million U of penicillin, and local injection of amikacin sulfate at the surgical incision to prevent infection.

　　3. The principle of modeling is to establish an animal myocardial infarction model using minimally invasive balloon coronary artery occlusion.

　　4. Changes after modeling: At the time of occlusion surgery, angiography showed no blood flow in LAD vessels. One month after surgery, angiography showed occlusion or significant thinning of the distal LAD vessels with slow blood flow.

　　Within 1 minute after LAD balloon occlusion, electrocardiogram changes appeared, with T wave spikes and ST segment elevation or depression appearing in leads I, V1, and V3. After 5 minutes, leads I, V1, and V3 showed significant ST segment elevation, which continued with the duration of occlusion